HISTORY OF FACEBOOK

Yesterday marked the 6th birthday of the social networking site Facebook. What started back at Harvard — and initially only open to college students or those with email addresses that ended in .edu until September 2006 — Facebook is now the fastest growing social network with over 400 million people using it to connect with friends, relatives and co-workers around the world. Half the active users login daily. Last year at this time, there were only 150 million onboard, meaning there are more people on Facebook than there are people in the United States. Of course, this social network is international, with about 70% outside the US. Over 15% of users access it via mobile devices. Those mobile users are 50% more active on Facebook.

Facebook is a company, a platform, a brand, a phenomenon, a veritable force of modern culture. There are over half a million applications on Facebook. Facebook Connect is becoming a popular authentication protocol with over 80 thousand websites offering it. Almost three quarters of a million local businesses have active Pages on Facebook. Last night, to celebrate their birthday, the Facebook staff held a Hackathon, an event where they stayed up all night coding and building out new ideas for the next wave of products. This is expected to appear today by way of new site navigation capabilities.

The estimated value of the company is rumored to be north of $14B, an order of magnitude greater than last year. Speculation abounds.

As I’ve mentioned in another article, some people live in Facebook, enjoying the “walled garden” environment where they can send messages, update their status, comment on other’s status, announce events, share photos, tag them, give gifts, chat, use custom applications, and play games — all in the same environment, without using other services. Not only is Facebook becoming an aggregator of web services, it is also becoming the go-to location for clubs, groups, even churches — where people can share publicly or privately their taste, ideas, opinions and interests. It’s becoming the new “social dashboard.”

This has exemplified and accelerated the Web 2.0 concept of “transparency” discussed in detail in Wired Magazine.

  • Recruiters are using an applicant’s “social graph” to ascertain suitability.
  • Jobseekers are using it to network to previous fellow-coworkers and employers.
  • Friends are expanding their networks through friends-of-friends.
  • Parents are on Facebook to keep an eye on their children.
  • Older folks are using it to keep their finger on the “pulse” of what younger people are talking about.
  • Companies are using it to create online “buzz.”
  • Websites now sport “ShareThis” on Facebook links. Mine does at the bottom of this article.
  • Celebrities, performers, and the President are members.

Security and privacy issues continue to haunt Facebook — some foreign governments have blocked access in the past — and reflect members’ uncertainty in an increasingly networked and public world. Facebook account hacking, spam, and phishing malware is more of a concern than even last year. Nevertheless, people still continue to join and expand their personal network across work, school, and a variety of real and virtual associations. And it’s not just among Generation-Y. Last year the fastest growing demographic was the 35-54 year old segment — it is now the largest segment of all on Facebook. This year, the 55+ demographic growth rate is the fastest growing, almost 10X over last year. Indeed, one third of Facebook users are older than 35 years old.

Do you have a Facebook profile? Mine is here.


Bill Petro, your friendly neighborhood historian
www.billpetro.com

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Super BowlHISTORY OF THE SUPER BOWL

The Super Bowl, also known as simply Superbowl — a territory acquisition athletic contest played upon a fixed agrarian grid using as a token an inflated porcine prolate spheroid — is the most important holiday of the year in America. Some will say that it is a secular holiday, others argue that it is truly a religious holiday.

And there are many reasons why: it has a liturgy, lots of prayer, rituals, and indeed these rituals have changed throughout history. It used to be that commercials were the part of the service that was intended for taking a bio break, but not in recent years. The commercials are now the most important part (for some) of the service, and indeed some (like me) watch Superbowl specifically for the advertisements.

  • Food

After Thanksgiving Day, more food is consumed on Super Bowl Sunday than any other day of the year. These are usually selected for their high caloric index, sodium content, crunch factor as well as carbonated inebriating fluids.

  • Decorations

Not only is food is a major part of this holiday, so too are decorations. Consider Supermarkets (named after Superbowl) which decorate the chip aisle as it if is Christmas. If you work for Frito-Lay, it is Christmas.

  • Advertisements

Advertisers will pay up to $100,000 per second for an advert. A 30-second commercial will go for $3M and the slots have been sold out since the beginning of last summer. Who can forget the introduction of Apple Macintosh, directed by Ridley Scott, during the 1984 Super Bowl, when:

On January 24th, Apple Computer
will introduce Macintosh.
And you’ll see why
1984 won’t be like “1984.”

Here is a collection of YouTube videos of some of the most popular advertisements.

  • History

Super Bowl is the modern name, since 1967, for the professional football championship contests, which extend back into antiquity, Roman antiquity to be precise. This will be Super Bowl XLIV, to honor those Roman roots of gladiatorial contests.

This contest is between the NFL (National Football League) and the AFL (American Football League), so named for the “League” the unit of measurement to express the distance a Roman citizen could walk in 1 hour. The modern game, however, is about 4 times that length of time.

The NFL is divided neatly into two unequal halves, the NFC (National Football Conference) and the AFC (American Football Conference), these are each further subdivided into Meetings, Get-Togethers, and One-On-Ones.

The Super Bowl will not involve the ICFL (Continental Indoor Footfall League) as it is not a TLA (Three Letter Acronym). The winner of the Super Bowl will be declared the “world champions of football,” of course ignoring other inhabited countries who may point out that they call soccer “football,” and they have a championship involving not a bowl, but a cup. And involvement from teams from outer space are right out.

Where does the word “bowl” come from? Originally, it comes from the Rose Bowl, a college football contest, played in Pasadena, CA which is done in an elliptical stadium. Now a stadium is where foot races were held in ancient Rome, but spectator gladiatorial contests like this were held in amphitheaters, like the Colosseum in Rome, or Flavian Amphitheater, so named from the ancient Greek word because they were made up of two theaters joined together or theaters on both sides, but that is more ancient history than most people can handle.

  • Half Time

Nominally named for being approximately in the middle of the game, or 2 quarters in, or 4 bits worth, or 50 cent, but not the singer. Unlike many other football broadcasts, this part is actually shown to the audience watching from home. These festivities consist of first-class and second-rate musical performers, some who have questionable taste in attire, others who have costuming clumsiness or “wardrobe malfunctions.”

  • 2 Minute Warning

Super Bowl, while using a clock, does not intend that this is to be understood as representing actual “wall clock” time, rather, it uses poetic license to represent an epochal period that could last 30 minutes or an hour and a half, given overtimes.

  • Celebration

There is one reason for celebrating at the end of Super Bowl, especially for “football widows” or “football widowers” like me. It means the end of the professional football season for the year… except some years the Pro Bowl occurs the following weekend.

Bill Petro, your friendly neighborhood historian
www.billpetro.com

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History of Groundhog Day

by Bill Petro on February 1, 2010 · 2 comments

in History, Holidays, Secular

HISTORY OF GROUNDHOG DAY

Groundhog Day comes from Candlemas Day, observed for centuries in parts of Europe on February 2 where the custom was to have the clergy bless candles and distribute them to the people. This seems to have derived from the pagan celebration of Imbolc — the Feast of the goddess Bridget, or in Christian Ireland St. Bridget’s Day and alternatively “The Purification of the Virgin” commemorating the time when St. Mary presented Jesus at the Temple at Jerusalem. It comes at the mid-point between the Winter Solstice and the Spring Equinox. The Roman Legions, it is said, originally brought the tradition to the Germans.

In more modern times, says the old Scottish couplet:

If Candlemas Day is bright and clear

There’ll be two winters in the year

By the 1840s the following idea caught on in the U.S., particularly in Pennsylvania whose earliest settlers were German immigrants. If the groundhog sees its shadow on a “bright and clear” day, six more weeks of winter are ahead.

Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania is the headquarters of the celebration where the groundhog “Punxsutawney Phil” regards his shadow at Gobbler’s Knob, a wooded knoll just outside the town.

Bill Petro, your friendly neighborhood historian
www.billpetro.com

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History of the iPad: When is a Tablet not a Tablet?

January 27, 2010

HISTORY OF THE IPAD

Question: How can you have a “history” of a device that was just announced today?
Answer: This has been the longest anticipated unannounced product in history, or at least Apple history. It has been a veritable speculation-o-rama.

Question: I don’t get the iPad. Isn’t it just like a giant iPhone?
Short answer: Yes, it’s essentially [...]

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History of Australia Day

January 26, 2010

HISTORY OF AUSTRALIA DAY
For our friends Down Under
Did you know that the history of European Australia is tied to the American Revolutionary War?
Back when America was part of the British Commonwealth it was convenient for England to transport its convicts to the Colonies. Indeed, it was considered more humane to “transport” prisoners than to execute [...]

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History of Martin Luther King Jr.

January 15, 2010

HISTORY OF MARTIN LUTHER KING, JR
Born on January 15, 1929, we celebrate a holiday in honor of a man who was not a president, nor an explorer, nor a saint, rather he was a Baptist minister and an American leader of the 1960s civil rights movement who was named after the Protestant Reformer [...]

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History of Epiphany: the 12th Day of Christmas?

January 5, 2010

HISTORY OF EPIPHANY
January 6 is known in the Christian calendar as Epiphany. It is sometimes called the “Twelfth Night” being the 12th Day of Christmas. It signifies the event of the Magi, or Wise Men visiting the baby Jesus, and is known in certain Latin cultures as Three Kings Day. In the Eastern [...]

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